While head lice have largely disappeared in most parts of the world, it does creep back into modern towns and cities every now and then. Sometimes vacationers get it while sometimes it enters a town as the population moves around. Having head lice is not necessarily a sign of poverty or of third-world status. It is a condition that persists in first world countries. If discovered, treatment for head lice is a relatively straightforward process.
Since Pediculus humanus capitis only affects the head, treatment can be as simple as applying a shampoo. It is possible to swallow a tablet to kill bloodsuckers, although often a shampoo will do the trick. In the past, it was necessary to shave the head, but this solution is not needed when insecticidal shampoo is widely available. Have the scalp examined by a professional who can check for the variety of lice as well as any possible transmitted diseases.
